CHILD (<18) / YOUTH ADULT (18-24) ATHLETE INJURY STATISTICS

“In 2016, there were nearly 74 million children younger than age 18 in the United States, accounting for 23 % of the total U.S. population.The number of children is projected to continue to increase to 80 million in 2050.”

[U.S. Bureau of the Census, Population Estimates and Projections. http://www.census.gov/popest/index.html. Child Trends]

Sports Injury Statists are difficult to acess because they are not frequently analyzed. From most current published statistics 2019 (which are from previous research, not 2019 research)

STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries was initiated by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine
Sports Injury Statistics From [2019 STANFORD CHILDREN’S HEALTH
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), participation in organized sports is on the rise. Nearly 30 million children and adolescents participate in youth sports in the United States. This increase in play has led to some other startling statistics about injuries among America’s young athletes:
High school athletes account for an estimated 2 million injuries and 500,000 doctor visits and 30,000 hospitalizations each year.1
More than 3.5 million kids under age 14 receive medical treatment for sports injuries each year.1
Children ages 5 to 14 account for nearly 40 percent of all sports-related injuries treated in hospitals. On average the rate and severity of injury increases with a child’s age.4
Overuse injuries are responsible for nearly half (50%) of all sports injuries to middle and high school students2
Although 62 % of organized sports-related injuries occur during practice, 1/3 of parents do not have their children take the same safety precautions at practice that they would during a game.2
20% of children ages 8 to 12 and 45 % of those ages 13 to 14 will have arm pain during a single youth baseball season.3

Injuries associated with participation in sports and recreational activities account for 21 % of all traumatic brain injuries among children in the United States.4
According to the CDC, more than half (.50%) of all sports injuries in children are preventable.
By age 13, 70 %of kids drop out of youth sports. The top three reasons: adults, coaches and parents.2
Among athletes ages 5 to 14, 28 % of football players, 25 % of baseball players, 22 % of soccer players, 15 % of basketball players, and 12 % of softball players were injured while playing their respective sports4
Since 2000 there has been a 5X increase in the number of serious shoulder and elbow injuries among youth baseball and softball players.4
References:
1. JS Powell, KD Barber Foss, 1999. Injury patterns in selected high school sports: a review of the 1995-1997 seasons. J Athl Train. 34: 277-84.
2. Safe Kids USA Campaign Web site. 2009.
3. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2009.
4. Preserving the Future of Sport: From Prevention to Treatment of Youth Overuse Sports Injuries. AOSSM 2009 Annual Meeting Pre-Conference Program. Keystone, Colorado.
[STOP (Sports Trauma and Overuse Prevention) Sports Injuries was initiated by the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) in early 2007

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Sports Injury Statistics From 2019 STANFORD CHILDREN’S HEALTH
In the U.S., about 30 million children and teens participate in some form of organized sports, and more than 3.5 million injuries each year.
Almost 1/3 of all injuries incurred in childhood are sports-related injuries.
All types of sports have a potential for injury, whether from the trauma of contact with other players, from overuse or misuse of a body part or psychoogical (emotional).
The following statistics are from the National SAFE KIDS Campaign and the American Academy of Pediatrics:
Injury rates:
· More than 3.5 million children ages 14 and younger get hurt annually playing sports or participating in recreational activities.
· Although death from a sports injury is rare, the leading cause of death from a sports-related injury is a brain injury.
· Sports and recreational activities contribute to approximately 21 percent of all traumatic brain injuries among American children.
· Almost 50 percent of head injuries sustained in sports or recreational activities occur during bicycling, skateboarding, or skating incidents.
· More than 775,000 children, ages 14 and younger, are treated in hospital emergency rooms for sports-related injuries each year. Most of the injuries occurred as a result of falls, being struck by an object, collisions, and overexertion during unorganized or informal sports activities.
· Most organized sports-related injuries (62 percent) occur during practice.
Types of sports and recreational activities
Consider these estimated injury statistics for 2009 from the Consumer Product Safety Commission:
[2019 STANFORD CHILDREN’S HEALTH]

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From Previous Injury Statists Research.
Popularity of Sports, Recreation, Exercise (SRE) is growing leaps and bounds.
Children’s positive impacts from Sports: ↑Activity, ↑ Sense of Belonging, ↑ Self-Discipline, ↑ Sportsmanship [1.]
• Regular Physical Activity → ↑Physiological / ↑Psychological Health [2.]
• Physical Training → ↑ Self-Esteem and ↑ Physical Competence [2.]
Youth Sports Safety: By The Numbers, FROM THE NATIONAL ATHLETIC TRAINERS’ ASSOCIATION,
[please see: http://www.momsteam.com/health-safety/youth-sports-safety-by-numbers#ixzz5G4mNVPlc http://www.momsteam.com/]
There were 120 sports-related deaths of young athletes in 2008-2009; 49 in 2010; and 39 in 2011.1
Approximately 8,000 children are treated in emergency rooms each day for sports-related injuries.2
Among children, those aged 15-17 experience the highest emergency room visits for sports injuries.2
Rates of sports injury visits to ERs were highest in remote rural settings.2
High school athletes suffer 2 million injuries, 500,000 doctor visits and 30,000 hospitalizations each year.3
There are three times as many catastrophic football injuries among high school athletes as college athletes.4
History of injury is often a risk factor for future injury, making prevention critical.5
62 percent of organized sports-related injuries occur during practices.6
Only 42 percent of high schools have access to athletic training services.1
47 percent of schools nationally fall short of the federally recommended nurse-to-student ratio. Many schools have no nurse at all.7
Ninety-six percent of Americans feel it’s important for young athletes to be evaluated by a qualified health care professional before they begin playing sports.8
In soccer, the rate of concussions among girls was 68 percent higher than the rate of concussions in boys, and in basketball the rate of concussions among girls was 293 percent higher than the rate of concussion in boys.9
During 2001-2009, an estimated 2,651,581 children aged ≤19 years were treated annually for sports and recreation-related injuries. Approximately 6.5 percent, or 173,285 of these injuries, were TBIs.10
400,000 brain injuries (concussions) occurred in high school athletics during the 2008-09 school year.11
Emergency department visits for concussions sustained during organized team sports doubled among 8-13 year olds between 1997 and 2007 and nearly tripled among older youth.12
Concussion rates more than doubled among students age 8-19 participating in sports like basketball, soccer and football between 1997 and 2007, even as participation in those sports declined.12
15.8 percent of football players who sustain a concussion severe enough to cause loss of consciousness return to play the same day.13
A 2011 study of U.S. high schools with at least one athletic trainer on staff found that concussions accounted for nearly 15 percent of all sports-related injuries reported to athletic trainers.14 [Editor’s note: this number declined slightly to 13.2% in the most recent study of high school sports injuries.42]
High school athletes who have been concussed are three times more likely to suffer another concussion in the same season.15
Females aged 10-19 years sustained sports- and recreation-related TBIs most often while playing soccer or basketball or while bicycling.16
More than 248,000 children visited hospital emergency departments in 2009 for concussions and other traumatic brain injuries related to sports and recreation.17
Injuries associated with participation in sports and recreational activities account for 21 percent of all traumatic brain injuries among children in the United States.18
Exercise-induced asthma affects 12-15 percent of the population.19
It is estimated that 80 to 90 percent of all individuals who have allergic asthma will experience symptoms of exercise-induced asthma with vigorous exercise or activity. For teenagers and young adults this is often the most common cause of asthma symptoms.20
High school athletes, especially males, are at the highest risk of suffering exertional heat illness requiring treatment in U.S. hospital emergency rooms.21
31 high school football players died of heat stroke complications between 1995 and 2009.22
64.7 percent of football players sustaining a heat illness were either overweight or obese.23
The five year period from 2005 to 2009 had more heat stroke deaths than any other five year period in the past 35 years.24,25
Exertional heat stroke has proven to be 100 percent survivable when immediately recognized and aggressively cooled on site.24
The number of heat-related injuries from 1997 to 2006 increased 133 percent. Youth accounted for the largest proportion of heat-related injuries at 47.6 percent.26
Two-thirds of kids show up for practice at least significantly dehydrated.27
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the leading cause of death in exercising young athletes.28
It’s estimated that more than 95 percent of cardiac arrest victims die before reaching the hospital.29
Just one in 10 U.S. student athletes who suffer sudden cardiac arrest survives.30
The incidence of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest in high school athletes ranges from .28 to one death per 100,000 high school athletes annually in the U.S.31
Sickle cell trait was the primary cause of death for 15 out of the 2,387 athlete deaths recorded in the 30-Year U.S. National Registry of Sudden Death in Athletes.32
Young athletes with sickle cell trait may be at an increased risk of heat-related illnesses and their complications.33
Predisposing factors to exertional sickling include heat, dehydration, altitude, asthma, and high intensity exercise with few rest intervals.34
3.6 percent of high school students have taken steroids without a physician’s prescription (2.9 percent of females and 4.2 percent of males).35
More than 40 percent of boys in middle school and high school said they regularly exercise with the goal of increasing muscle mass.36
Thirty-eight percent of these boys said they used protein supplements.36
Nearly six percent (5.9 percent) of those in the study said they had experimented with steroids.36
Use of three more muscle modifying behaviors such as intake of protein supplements, steroids, changed eating, exercising, other muscle enhancing tactics, etc. was more than twice as high among boys who participated in sports vs. nonparticipants.36
Spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States is estimated to be 12,000 new cases each year.37 Vehicle crashes constitute the most frequent cause for SCI,38 at 42 percent. Sport participation constitutes the fourth most common cause (approximately 7.9 percent)38 of spinal injuries, and, for those under the age of 30, is the second most common cause after motor vehicle crashes.39 Approximately 80 percent of SCIs occur in males.37
Football is associated with the highest number of cervical spine injuries of any sport, while cheerleading is associated with the highest frequency of direct catastrophic head and neck injuries for females.40
There have been 47 football-related cervical spinal cord injuries with incomplete recovery between 2007 to 2011,41 with seven cervical spine injuries in 2010 resulting in permanent disability.40
Collegiate gymnastics and ice hockey have the highest incidence of direct catastrophic head and neck injury rates due to lower participation compared to football.40

REFERENCES

Source: National Athletic Trainers’ Association
National Athletic Trainers’ Association.
Wier L, Miller A, Steiner C. Sports injuries in children requiring hospital emergency care, Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2009. HCUP Statistical Brief #75.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sports-related injuries among high school athletes, United States, 2005-06 school year. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006;55(38);1037-1040.
Boden B, Tacchetti RL, Cantu RC, Knowles SB, Mueller FO. Catastrophic head injuries in high school and college football players. Am J Sports Med.2007;35(7):1075-1081.
Kucera KL, Marshall SW, Kirkendall DT, Marchak PM, Garrett WE Jr. Injury history as a risk factor for incident injury in youth soccer. Br J Sports Med.2005;39(7):462.
Rechel JA, Yard EE, Comstock RD. An epidemiologic comparison of high school sports injuries sustained in practice and competition. J Athl Train.2008;43(2):197-204.
National Association of School Nurses. 2008 Survey.
American College of Sports Medicine.
Gessel LM, Fields SK, Collins CL, Dick RW, Comstock RD. Concussions among United States high school and collegiate athletes. J Athl Train.2007;42(4):495-503.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries related to sports and recreation activities among persons aged ≤19 years-United States, 2001-2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(39):1337-1342.
Yard E, Comstock R. Compliance with return to play guidelines following concussion in U.S. high school athletes, 2005-2008. Informa Healthcare. 2009;23(11):888-898.
Bakhos L, Lockhart G, Myers R. Emergency department visits for concussion in young child athletes. 2010;126(3):e550-e556.
Dawn Comstock, Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH.
Meehan WP, d’Hemecourt P, Collins C, Comstock RD. Assessment and management of sport-related concussions in United States high schools. Am J Sports Med.2011;39(11):2304-2310. dol:10.1177/0363546511423503.
See reference 9.
Gilchrist J, Thomas KE, Xu L, McGuire LC, Coronado VG. Nonfatal sports and recreation related traumatic brain injuries among children and adolescents treated in emergency departments in the United States, 2001-2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(39):1337-1342.
See reference 10.
Safe Kids USA.
Rupp NT. Diagnosis and management of exercise-induced asthma. Physician Sportsmed. 1996;24(1):77-80, 83-87.
Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Mueller FO, Colgate B. Annual Survey of Football Injury Research, 1931-2009. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina; 2010.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heat illness among high school athletes – United States, 2005-2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(32):1009-1013.
Korey Stringer Institute.
University of North Carolina Injury Prevention Research Cente
Nelson NG, Collins CL, Comstock RD, McKenzie LB. Exertional heat-related injuries treated in emergency departments in the U.S., 1997-2006. Am J Prev Med.2011;40(1):54-60.
Walker SM, et al. Children participation in summer soccer camps are chronically dehydrated. Med Sci Sports Exerc.2004;36 (5):S180-181.
Drezner JA. Preparing for sudden cardiac arrest: the essential role of automated external defibrillators in athletic medicine: a critical review. Br J Sports Med.2009;43(9):702-707.
American Heart Association.Long-term treatment for cardiac arrest.
Drezner JA, Chun JS, Karmon KG, Derminer L. Survival trends in the United States following exercise-related sudden cardiac arrest: 2000-2006. Heart Rhythm.2008;5(6):794-799.
American Heart Association. CPR statistics.
Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation.
Pretzlaff RK. Death of an adolescent athlete with sickle cell trait caused by exertional heat stroke. Pediatr Crit Care Med.2002;3(3):308-310.
Eichner RE. Sickle cell trait. J Sport Rehabil.2007;16(3):197-203.
Eaton DK, Kann L, Kinchen S, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2011. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2012;61(4):1-162.
Eisenberg ME, Wall M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Muscle-enhancing behaviors among adolescent girls and boys. Pediatrics2012;130(6):1019-1026.
National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. Spinal Cord Injury: Facts and Figures at a Glance, 2010. Birmingham: University of Alabama; 2011.
National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center, University of Alabama-Birmingham. The 2007 Annual Statistical Report for the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems. Birmingham: University of Alabama; 2008.
Nobunga A, Go B, Karunas R. Recent demographic and injury trends in people served by the model spine cord injury case systems. Arch Phys Med Rehabil.1999;80(11):1372-1382.
Mueller FO, Cantu RC. National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research: Twenty-Ninth Annual Report, Fall 1982-Spring 2011. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina.
Mueller FO, Colgate B. Annual Survey of Catastrophic Football Injuries 1977-2011. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina; 2012.
Marar M, McIlvain NM, Fields SK, Comstock RD. Epidemiology of Concussions Among United States High School Athletes in 20 Sports. Am J Sports Med.2012;40(4):747-755.

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